Types of Eczema, Causes, and Disease Management

Eczema may describe a group of skin inflammation conditions that irritate the skin. It is more common in infants, affecting 10 to 20% of children below age ten compared to 3% of adults. The primary characteristic is itchy rashes in different areas such as the elbow, scalp, back, and chest. Here’s what to know about eczema Hammond symptoms, causes, and potential therapies.

Types of eczema and causes

Atopic eczema

The term eczema may refer to several related conditions, such as atopic eczema, stasis dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Many people take eczema to mean atopic eczema, which is the most prevalent type of skin ailment.

Atopic eczema is a chronic condition causing itchy, swollen, and cracked skin. While researchers are yet to establish its exact causes, genetics and immune system disorders are the primary factors.

The rash appears all over the body in infants. Older children tend to have scaly rashes on their elbows and hands. Adults most often notice signs of atopic eczema on their hands and feet.

Scratching or exposure to chemical agents can exacerbate symptoms. People in urban areas have a higher risk of atopic eczema due to contact with perfume, fragranced soaps, and chlorine. You can relieve symptoms by avoiding compounds that worsen the rashes.

Contact Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is a skin condition that arises from exposure to irritants or allergens. Contact with pollutants or chemical agents causes inflammation of the dermis and epidermis layers of the skin.

The rash is confined at the point of contact when caused by an irritant. But allergens can trigger an immune system overreaction on virtually any part of the body.

Symptoms may also vary depending on the cause of the rash. Chemical agents in perfumes and soaps are more painful than itchy. On the other hand, allergens cause persistent itching rather than pain.

Stasis dermatitis

Stasis dermatitis is a condition that occurs due to blood circulation problems. Improper blood flow can cause a breakdown of red blood cells as the pressure in the capillaries rises. Stasis eczema may lead to itching and skin irritation, particularly around the limbs.

The condition is characterized by changes in skin thickness on the ankles and feet. Itching is sometimes accompanied by a prickling sensation around the affected area.

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a chronic skin condition that affects oil glands. Dandruff is a milder form of this eczema that appears on the scalp. It is usually caused by an immune response overaction to microbes and yeast on the skin.

Eczema prevention and management

While eczema has no curative treatments, there are effective ways to manage or control the condition. Avoid soaps since they cause skin dryness and encourage flare-ups. Wear clothes that do not cause itching.

You can also use medical-grade oil-based ointments to reduce itching. The cream should not contain fragrances or additives.

Your dermatologist may recommend steroidal medication depending on the type of dermatitis. Antihistamine drugs and topical immunosuppressants can minimize symptoms.

Call Northshore Dermatology to book an eczema consultation, or schedule an appointment online today.